針對新托福口語的綜合任務(wù)部分,記筆記的環(huán)節(jié)是多數(shù)學(xué)生的困難,很多同學(xué)遇到記筆記的部分,就感覺難度大,無從找到正確而有效的方法。其實(shí),記筆記是可以通過正確途徑提高的,再加上反復(fù)的練習(xí),我們就可以抓住技巧,記到重點(diǎn)。本篇中,朗閣海外考試研究中心的專家將先介紹幾個記筆記的誤區(qū),然后為考生們解答新托??谡Z對話中什么內(nèi)容是不該記的。
一、筆記的誤區(qū)
誤區(qū)一:盡量多記,無論記什么,盡量多寫字
大家可能沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)過新托福口語的聽力部分語速是怎樣的,如果按數(shù)據(jù)來統(tǒng)計(jì)的話,聽力部分的速度是一秒鐘3至4個單詞,那么對話是1分至1分半,也就是180至360個詞左右。我們能記下來的平均數(shù)量是60至80詞,也就僅僅占到三分之一的比例,怎么能涵蓋所有的內(nèi)容呢?盡量多寫這個概念讓我們更加的困惑,再怎么快,也跟不上,所以很多同學(xué)說自己記筆記的能力非常差,那么新托??谡Z的綜合部分就無法提高了。
其實(shí),盡量多記這個概念有些模糊,盡量多記時,要先明確記什么,什么不該記。準(zhǔn)確地說,就是記關(guān)鍵的內(nèi)容,記可以得分的內(nèi)容,后面我們用具體的例子為大家展示。
誤區(qū)二:希望抓住所有的句子,一個也不想丟下
上面已經(jīng)為大家統(tǒng)計(jì)過數(shù)字了,我們至多只能跟上三分之一的內(nèi)容,但是很多同學(xué)希望能聽更多的內(nèi)容。如果不寫出來,那么能聽到的句子就多了很多。但是,我們當(dāng)時聽懂了很多句子和信息卻不記下來,等準(zhǔn)備時間結(jié)束后,讓我們復(fù)述時,很多的信息已經(jīng)由于我們忘記而缺失了,我們又如何能把內(nèi)容說完全呢?所以,在記筆記時,要有選擇的放棄一些內(nèi)容,這樣才能相對完整地記錄下一些備于后面復(fù)述時使用的句子。越是不想丟下句子,就越無法寫出聽到的內(nèi)容。
誤區(qū)三:記和說是分開的任務(wù)
記筆記時,還有一個問題,很多學(xué)生把記下的內(nèi)容當(dāng)作是聽的過程中完成的任務(wù),而不是復(fù)述時有效的依據(jù),復(fù)述時仍根據(jù)記憶,甚至不看筆記。這說明了兩個問題,一、筆記質(zhì)量本身不高,沒有參考性;二、感覺憑記憶說的內(nèi)容比筆記要多。如果是這樣,記筆記有什么意義呢?因此,我們要盡可能的為自己提供方便,記的筆記要為自己服務(wù),要清楚、完整,這樣才能使用筆記。如果不記筆記,憑記憶是非常難的。
二、對話中不該記的內(nèi)容
TASK 3
對于這個部分,考點(diǎn)是學(xué)生對于學(xué)校通知的態(tài)度及原因,我們來看下面的聽力原文,其中不需要記的部分已經(jīng)標(biāo)出:
(woman) Thecollege’s making a mistake with this new plan.
(man) What doyou mean? I think it will really help the college to accomplish its goals.
(woman) Don’t beso sure! All that construction, for two years? It’s gonna create a lot ofnoise.
(man) Well, youmean in the beginning, for students still living in the dorms.
(woman) Yeah, students who are trying to sleep ordo works are constantly going to be disturbed. So, people will try to get asfar away as possible, probably by moving off campus. So they are losing evenmore people!
(man) Huh, Ihaven’t thought of that. But still, once all the constructions are over, morepeople will probably want to live in the dorms, right? I mean, the living conditionswill be so much better.
(woman) If they can afford to, do youknow how the college is planning on paying for this plan? By raising the costof campus housing!
(man) Oh! Ididn’t realize that.
(woman) Yeah, so if it’s more expensivewhy would people want to move back into the dorms if they can rent an apartmentfor less money?
劃線的部分總共98詞,全文是205詞,因此我們可以看出,有很多內(nèi)容,甚至是一半的內(nèi)容是不需要記的。我們來總結(jié)一下不需要記的內(nèi)容包含哪些方面:
1. 表示態(tài)度的長句子不需要記,只要標(biāo)明學(xué)生同意還是不同意即可;
2. 其中一個學(xué)生的話語是輔助內(nèi)容,一般不需要記他的內(nèi)容和原因;
3.感嘆的詞匯或句子不需記;
這樣看來,我們需要記的內(nèi)容僅是態(tài)度及兩個原因,大大減輕了記筆記的負(fù)擔(dān)。
TASK 5
第五題需要重點(diǎn)記的是五要素,即問題、解決方案一、解決方案二、我的選擇及原因。與這五要素?zé)o關(guān)的部分就不需要記。請看下面標(biāo)注的句子:
(woman)Hey, Frank, I heard you got a summer research position with professor Davis.
(man) Uh, huh, but I’ve got a problem.
(woman) Oh?
(man) Yeah, well, since I didn’t hear from her for solong, I assumed I didn’t get the position. So I didn’t apply for a dorm roomfor the summer. I’m afraid it’s too late for that now.
(woman) Yeah, the deadline for campus housing applicationhas already passed. So what are you gonna do now?
(man)Well, I can stay with my parents. They live two hours from here so I thought Icould drive and commute to campus everyday. Iknow my mom and dad would be happy to have me over for a few weeks and most ofmy old friends would be home for the summer so, in a way, it’d be fun.
(woman) Yeah, I understand. But you’d spend quite a bit of timeon the road going back and forth. Won’t you get tired?
(man) Yeah, that thought did cross my mind. The other thing I could do is rentan apartment off campus. Besides being closer towork, I’d also save tons of money on gas.
(woman)Uh, huh. But then you’d have to pay rent.
(man) I know. There’s always something, isn’t there?
這一篇共241詞,而不需要記的內(nèi)容共100詞,也就是說,第五題需要記的部分較多,因此難度也相對來說大一些,我們可以看到,不需要記的部分主要為:語氣詞,提示性的句子,無真正解題價值的句子。
綜上所述,我們在平時的練習(xí)中,應(yīng)多注意記筆記的技巧,適當(dāng)舍棄一些浪費(fèi)時間、內(nèi)容又無關(guān)緊要的部分,以提高筆記的效率和質(zhì)量。只要熟悉每個題型的特點(diǎn),抓住該記的重點(diǎn)而舍棄不該記的部分,就可以做到事半功倍。